Towertalk
[Top] [All Lists]

[TowerTalk] modeling lightning

To: "Towertalk" <towertalk@contesting.com>
Subject: [TowerTalk] modeling lightning
From: Jim Lux <jimlux@earthlink.net>
Date: Thu, 04 Jan 2007 20:24:00 -0800
List-post: <mailto:towertalk@contesting.com>
For those looking for technical papers on 
modeling lightning and coupling to antennas..
Sorry, some don't have the abstracts.

Pokharel03 ? Pokharel, R.K., Ishii, M., Baba, Y, 
?Numerical EM Analysis of Lightning Induced 
Voltage over Ground of Finite Conductivity?, IEEE 
Trans EM Compat., v45, #4, Nov 2003, p651-656

Krider92 - Krider, E.P., ?On the electromagnetic 
fields, Poynting vector, and peak power radiated 
by lightning return strokes,? J. Geophys. Res., 
vol. 97, pp. 15,913-15,917, Oct. 1992.

Abstract: The initial radiation fields, Poynting 
vector, and total electromagnetic power that a 
vertical return stroke radiates into the upper 
half space have been computed when the speed of 
the stroke, , is a significant fraction of the 
speed of light, c, assuming that at large 
distances and early times the source is an 
infinitesimal dipole. The initial current is also 
assumed to satisfy the transmission-line model 
with a constant and to be perpendicular to an 
infinite, perfectly conducting ground. The effect 
of a large is to increase the radiation fields by 
a factor of (1 2 cos2 ) 1, where = /c and is 
measured from the vertical, and the Poynting 
vector by a factor of (1 2 cos2 ) 2. This 
increase is just a few percent or less at small , 
but when =0.67, the fields are about 80% larger 
at small and 50% larger at =30°, and the power 
that is radiated is increased by 26%. When =0.5 
and the peak current is 30 kA, typical values for 
negative first strokes, the peak power that is 
radiated into the upper hemisphere is 1.0×1010 W.

Wait00 ?Wait, J.R, Hill, D.A., ?Ground wave of an 
idealized lightning return stroke?, IEEE Trans 
Ant Prop, v48, #9, pp1349-1353, Sep 2000
Abstract: We model a lightning return stroke by a 
vertical traveling wave of current with a complex 
propagation constant. The Sommerfeld-integral 
analysis is similar to that of a vertical 
electric dipole over a lossy earth except that 
the source is distributed in height. When the 
integration over the source current is performed 
analytically, an extra term appears in addition 
to the classical Sommerfeld attenuation function. 
This term is a result of the height-gain function 
of the distributed source due to an effective 
elevated height of the source dipole moment. In 
most eases of interest, the extra term is small 
and the height-gain function is not much larger 
than one. The results have application to remote 
sensing of lightning from a ground-based observer

Ishii00 ? Ishii,M., Baba,Y.,?Advanced 
computational methods in lightning performance. 
The Numerical Electromagnetics Code (NEC-2)?, 
IEEE Power Engr Soc, Winter Meeting, 2000, v4, 23-27 Jan 2000, pp2419-2424

Clancy06 - Clancy, T.J.; Brown, C.G., Jr.; Ong, 
M.M.; Clark, G.A., ?Lightning protection 
certification for high explosives facilities at 
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory?, IEEE Ant 
Prop Soc Intl Symp 2006, 9-14 July 2006, pp 1163-1166

Lupo00 - Lupo, G.   Petrarca, C.   Tucci, 
V.   Vitelli, M., ?EM fields associated with 
lightning channels: on the effect of tortuosity 
and branching?, IEEE Trans EM Compat, v42, #4, pp 394-404, Nov 2000

Abstract: Usually the electric and magnetic 
fields associated with lightning have been 
computed by assuming the lightning current to be 
contained in a straight vertical channel of 
negligible cross section above a flat perfectly 
conducting plane. Such a model, which does not 
take into account that real lightning is 
characterized by tortuosity and branching, is not 
able to justify the fine structure of the fields 
radiated by lightning discharges whose 
time-domain behavior exhibits a jagged shape with 
remarkable spectral content in several bands of 
practical interest. In this work the effect of 
channel tortuosity and branching is investigated 
by adopting a suitable numerical technique. The 
discharge channel has been regarded as a fractal 
antenna whose associated EM field has been 
evaluated by superimposing the contribution of 
the single line radiators composing the whole 
channel. Such a field has been compared with that 
generated by a simple dipole antenna in order to 
study the influence of the fractal nature of the 
channel on the generated EM fields. The 
relationship between the fractal dimension of the 
discharge channel and the fractal dimension of 
the generated time domain EM fields has been 
considered and the influence played on such a 
relationship by the distance between EM source 
and observation point has also been studied by 
analyzing the fields evaluated at far and close distances


Portela98 - Portela, C., ?Statistical 
distribution of parameters of lightning impulses 
in antennas and radar towers-practical 
application examples?,  Electromagnetic 
Compatibility, 1998. 1998 IEEE International 
Symposium on ,24-28 Aug 1998, v1, pp254-264


_______________________________________________



_______________________________________________
TowerTalk mailing list
TowerTalk@contesting.com
http://lists.contesting.com/mailman/listinfo/towertalk

<Prev in Thread] Current Thread [Next in Thread>
  • [TowerTalk] modeling lightning, Jim Lux <=