nope - the activity fix you offer doesn't fly....things were spaced out the
same last year and everyone had more QSOs....the weekends haven't
changed......the awards hadn't changed......I really feel it was the lack of
good 15 meter propagation (and the 6 and 7 land guys I would have snagged
with Q or Low power) who just don't go down to 40 and 80.....working QSOs on
10 and 15 is their bread and butter - remember 6 years ago (or 17...or
28....)
You get my drift - lower MUF ------> fewer QSOs with the left Coast for me
here in Florida - I am sure that when I eventually crunch the data this will
be proven out - the sevens came late to me this year - OUR LAST MULTIPLIER
WAS EASTERN WASHINGTON!
gotta graba tall glass of cold
oj
K4OJ
x-k1zx
>From trey@cisco.com (Trey Garlough) Wed Nov 13 05:39:33 1996
From: trey@cisco.com (Trey Garlough) (Trey Garlough)
Subject: Summary: where exactly is the band edge?
Message-ID: <CMM.0.90.4.847863573.trey@scv-cse-4.cisco.com>
Here is the summary of responses I received to my request asking for a
pointer to the exact language that addressed the issue of out-of-band
transmissions. The names of those who responded have been omitted for
no particular reason. Personally, I liked the first answer the best. :-)
--Trey, N5KO
----------
> You cannot have any - repeat - ANY energy outside of the band segment.
That's dumb. Any object not at absolute zero radiates at all
wavelengths. So each of us is radiating occasional photons at
any wavelength you like to choose, even with the transmitter
turned off.
Each of us gets hit on the head with an occasional photon from
Halley's comet, too, but it's not a problem for most of us.
- Dr Science -
----------
Trey, you might start at 97.307(b) and see if what you are looking for is there.
----------
I'm attaching the appropriate section of the R&Rs for your use. (I have
deleted all that doesn't apply)
Section 90.307 (b) specifically addresses the requirements.
SUBPART D - TECHNICAL STANDARDS
97.307 Emission standards.
(a) No amateur station transmission shall occupy more bandwidth
than necessary for the information rate and emission type being
transmitted, in accordance with good amateur practice.
(b) Emissions resulting from modulation must be confined to the
band or segment available to the control operator. Emissions outside
the necessary bandwidth must not cause splatter or keyclick interference
to operations on adjacent frequencies.
(c) All spurious emissions from a station transmitter must be
reduced to the greatest extent practicable. If any spurious emission,
including chassis or power line radiation, causes harmful interference
to the reception of another radio station, the licensee of the
interfering station is required to take steps to eliminate the
interference, in accordance with good engineering practice.
(d) The mean power of any spurious emission from a station
transmitter or external RF power amplifier transmitting on a frequency
below 30 MHz must not exceed 50 mW and must be at least 40 dB below the
mean power of the fundamental emission. For a transmitter of mean power
less than 5 W, the attenuation must be at least 30 dB. A transmitter
built before April 15, 1977 or first marketed before January 1, 1978 is
exempt from this requirement.
(e) The mean power of any spurious emission from a station
transmitter or external RF power amplifier transmitting on a frequency
between 30-225 MHz must be at least 60 dB below the mean power of the
fundamental. For a transmitter having a mean power of 25 W or less, the
mean power of any spurious emission supplied to the antenna transmission
line must not exceed 25 uW and must be at least 40 dB below the mean
power of the fundamental emission, but need not be reduced below the
power of 10 uW. A transmitter built before April 15, 1977 or first
marketed before January 1, 1978, is exempt from this requirement.
(f) The following standards and limitations apply to transmissions
on the frequencies specified in section 97.305(c) of this Part.
(1) No angle-modulated emission may have a modulation index
greater than 1 at the highest modulation frequency.
(2) No non-phone emission may exceed the bandwidth of a
communications quality phone emission of the same modulation type. The
total bandwidth of an independent sideband emission (having B as the
first symbol), or a multiplexed image and phone emission, shall not
exceed that of a communications quality A3E emission.
----------
The original message is not correct. The details are addressed in
97.307 (a), (b), (c) and (d).
----------
Trey- I am new to this list, but this one is easy to find- try part 97.307--
"Emissions resulting from modulation must be confined to the band or segment
available to the control operator"
This means that your splatter that is greater (stronger) than 40 dB down has
to be in the band edge.
----------
(8) Bandwidth. The width of a frequency band outside of which the
mean power of the total emission is attenuated at least 26 db below
the mean power of the total emission, including allowances for
transmitter drift or Doppler shift.
Part 97.307 Emission standards.
(b) Emissions resulting from modulationmust be confined to the band
or segment available to the control operator. Emissions outside the
necessary bandwidth must not cause splatter or keyclick interference
to operations on adjacent frequencies.
So what does this imply for operating phone near the band edges? First
of all it must be stated that the IF bandwidth has little to do with
the occupied bandwidth referred to in 97.3 (8). The wide signals that
are heard from too many well known contesters are due to non
linearities in the final stages of the transceiver or the
amplifier. Most monitor scopes use a tap at the IF and thus are not
actually measuring the transmitted signal! The only way to measure
the occupied bandwidth is with a spectrum analyzer. I have a
Hewlett-Packard 8568 in my shack to monitor my signal and those over
the air. At the 26 dB down points most SSB signals are 3 KHz wide, but
I've measured many over 5 KHz.
So can one really operate 2 KHz from a band edge on SSB? I seriously
doubt it. Without making a spectrum analyzer measurement of your
transmitter under actual conditions anything closer than 3 KHz is
likely to be in violation of Part 97.
----------
Part 97.307 Emission Standards
(b) Emissions resulting from modulation must be confined to the band or
segment available to the control operator.
Emissions outside of the band, segment or necessary bandwidth are required
by 97.307(d) to be 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emission
for transmissions below 30 MHz.
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